Prevent Frostbite and Hypothermia

FRIDAY, JANUARY 29, 2010

Hypothermia and frostbite are the most common but preventable injuries that result from being exposed to the cold.

Frostbite is the freezing of a body part. The nose, cheeks, ears, fingers and toes are usually frostbitten first. The skin feels cold and may feel numb. If frostbite is suspected, cover the area immediately. Do not rub or massage the skin. This can cause tissue damage. If possible, gently place the affected area in warm – not hot –
water until it is warm and no longer numb. Apply a sterile dressing to the area. Put dressings between fingers and toes if they are affected. Medical attention is recommended for frostbite.

To prevent frostbite, always wear hats, mittens, and scarves. Avoid tight-fitting boots because they make the feet more vulnerable to frostbite. Wear several thin layers of warm, dry clothing.

Hypothermia is a life-threatening condition. It happens when the body is exposed to the cold for a long time and the body loses more heat than it can generate. The individual may be shivering, drowsy, and confused, and have slurred speech, loss of coordination, and pale and bluish lips. The condition becomes severe when the victim stops shivering. Unconsciousness may soon follow. Treat hypothermia by moving the victim to shelter, replacing wet clothing with dry clothing, and wrapping them in warm blankets. Keep the person lying flat and get immediate medical attention.

To stay safe in cold weather, pay attention to weather reports, dress warmly, keep active, and avoid alcohol and caffeine.

For more information on preventing cold weather injuries, please call the Sudbury & District Health Unit at (705) 522-9200, ext. 514.

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